![]() ![]() ![]() " Online fundraising, self-image, and the long-term impact of ask avoidance," " Water the flowers you want to grow? Evidence on private recognition and donor loyalty,"Įuropean Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. Bittschi, Benjamin & Dwenger, Nadja & Rincke, Johannes, 2021." Impure Altruism and Donations to Public Goods: A Theory of Warm-Glow Giving?,"Įconomic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. " Giving with Impure Altruism: Applications to Charity and Ricardian Equivalence," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. " The counterintuitive effects of thank-you gifts on charitable giving," Mette Trier Damgaard & Christiana Gravert, 2016.Ģ016-03, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.Christina Gravert & Mette Trier Damgaard, 2016." The hidden costs of nudging: Experimental evidence from reminders in fundraising,"Ħ50, University of Gothenburg, Department of Economics. Trier Damgaard, Mette & Gravert, Christina, 2016.These results suggest that organizations and policymakers should be hesitant in using instantaneous PRI, as it ranges from null to negative effects. ![]() Surprisingly, we also find that static PRI results in significantly less being donated. We find that, consistent with much of the findings on thank-you letters, calls, and gifts, our instantaneous dynamic PRI has no significant positive effects on donation behavior. Participants are randomly assigned to either a baseline with no PRI a treatment in which subjects receive a static PRI thumbs up emoji (a general recognized gesture of approval) a treatment in which subjects receive a dynamic PRI thumbs up emoji and two other controls. We conduct a large-scale online experiment on Amazon Mturk (n=2,375). Our study offers the first evidence, to our knowledge, of the effect of instantaneous PRI on donation behavior. With online giving becoming more prominent, this creates an opportunity for instantaneous PRI. Historically, positive reinforcement (PRI) for charitable giving happens after the fact thank-you letters, calls, or gifts from the charities to donors. ![]()
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